問

如何通過PBR策略路由將核心交換機流量引到接入交換機下的終端服務器上

2024-12-23提問

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zhiliao_wOmTEU

zhiliao_wOmTEU 一段

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問題描述：

我在核心上如何將核心全部流量引流至接入交換機下的安全資源池服務器設備上，

最佳答案

zhiliao_sEUyB

zhiliao_sEUyB 九段

粉絲：126人關注：8人

參考案例

1、交換機1將g0/1引用路由策略去往交換機2路由，改至10.2.2.2。

2、交換機2將g0/2引用路由策略從交換機2回去路由，改至10.1.1.2

目前就是，從交換機3去往交換機2流量，在交換機1和防火牆來回發，出現路由環路

交換機1配置

[H3C]display current-configuration

version 7.1.070, Alpha 7170

sysname H3C

irf mac-address persistent timer

irf auto-update enable

undo irf link-delay

irf member 1 priority 1

ip ttl-expires enable

lldp global enable

system-working-mode standard

xbar load-single

password-recovery enable

lpu-type f-series

vlan 1

stp global enable

policy-based-route aaa permit node 1

if-match acl 3000

apply next-hop 10.1.1.2

policy-based-route bbb permit node 1

if-match acl 3001

apply next-hop 10.2.2.2

interface NULL0

interface FortyGigE1/0/53

port link-mode bridge

interface FortyGigE1/0/54

port link-mode bridge

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

port link-mode route

combo enable fiber

ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

ip policy-based-route bbb

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

port link-mode route

combo enable fiber

ip address 2.2.2.1 255.255.255.0

ip policy-based-route aaa

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3

port link-mode route

combo enable fiber

ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/4

port link-mode route

combo enable fiber

ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.252

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/8

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/9

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/10

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/11

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/12

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/13

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/14

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/15

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/16

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/17

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/18

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/19

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/20

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/21

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/22

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/23

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/24

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/25

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/26

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/27

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/28

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/29

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/30

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/31

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/32

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/33

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/34

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/35

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/36

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/37

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/38

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/39

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/40

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/41

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/42

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/43

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/44

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/45

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/46

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/47

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/48

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface M-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/49

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/50

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/51

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

interface Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/52

port link-mode bridge

combo enable fiber

scheduler logfile size 16

line class aux

user-role network-operator

line class console

user-role network-admin

line class tty

user-role network-operator

line class vty

user-role network-operator

line aux 0

user-role network-operator

line con 0

user-role network-admin

line vty 0 63

user-role network-operator

acl advanced 3000

rule 0 permit ip source 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255

acl advanced 3001

rule 0 permit ip destination 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255

radius scheme system

user-name-format without-domain

domain system

domain default enable system

role name level-0

description Predefined level-0 role

role name level-1

description Predefined level-1 role

role name level-2

description Predefined level-2 role

role name level-3

description Predefined level-3 role

role name level-4

description Predefined level-4 role

role name level-5

description Predefined level-5 role

role name level-6

description Predefined level-6 role

role name level-7

description Predefined level-7 role

role name level-8

description Predefined level-8 role

role name level-9

description Predefined level-9 role

role name level-10

description Predefined level-10 role

role name level-11

description Predefined level-11 role

role name level-12

description Predefined level-12 role

role name level-13

description Predefined level-13 role

role name level-14

description Predefined level-14 role

user-group system

防火牆配置

<H3C>display current-configuration

version 7.1.064, Alpha 7164

sysname H3C

context Admin id 1

telnet server enable

irf mac-address persistent timer

irf auto-update enable

undo irf link-delay

irf member 1 priority 1

ip ttl-expires enable

xbar load-single

password-recovery enable

lpu-type f-series

vlan 1

interface NULL0

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

ip address 11.11.11.1 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/4

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.252

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/8

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/9

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/10

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/11

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/12

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/13

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/14

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/15

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/16

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/17

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/18

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/19

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/20

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/21

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/22

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/23

port link-mode route

combo enable copper

security-zone name Local

security-zone name Trust

import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3

security-zone name DMZ

security-zone name Untrust

import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/4

security-zone name Management

import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0

scheduler logfile size 16

line class aux

user-role network-operator

line class console

user-role network-admin

line class tty

user-role network-operator

line class vty

user-role network-operator

line aux 0

user-role network-admin

line con 0

authentication-mode scheme

user-role network-admin

line vty 0 4

authentication-mode scheme

user-role network-admin

line vty 5 63

user-role network-operator

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.2.2.1

ip route-static 2.2.2.0 24 10.1.1.1

info-center loghost 127.0.0.1 port 3301 format default

info-center source CFGLOG loghost level informational

acl basic 2000

rule 0 permit source 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

domain system

aaa session-limit ftp 16

aaa session-limit telnet 16

aaa session-limit ssh 16

domain default enable system

role name level-0

description Predefined level-0 role

role name level-1

description Predefined level-1 role

role name level-2

description Predefined level-2 role

role name level-3

description Predefined level-3 role

role name level-4

description Predefined level-4 role

role name level-5

description Predefined level-5 role

role name level-6

description Predefined level-6 role

role name level-7

description Predefined level-7 role

role name level-8

description Predefined level-8 role

role name level-9

description Predefined level-9 role

role name level-10

description Predefined level-10 role

role name level-11

description Predefined level-11 role

role name level-12

description Predefined level-12 role

role name level-13

description Predefined level-13 role

role name level-14

description Predefined level-14 role

user-group system

local-user admin class manage

password hash $h$6$MKVVV6yuS8P36pPn$LC0CUf4NLzlDup3kMQXzJ9JHTBcmIq0Ip3c9V2lwfqo5hoOZ/U9cwrgwIqnZgUeLPJayreTttl5CDDTs9nzCmg==

service-type telnet terminal http https

authorization-attribute user-role level-3

authorization-attribute user-role network-admin

authorization-attribute user-role network-operator

ip http enable

ip https enable

security-policy ip

rule 0 name 0

action pass

source-zone Trust

source-zone local

source-zone Untrust

destination-zone local

destination-zone Trust

destination-zone Untrust

return

<H3C>

最佳答案

zhiliao_sEUyB

參考下案例：

如圖，交換機的int vlan 10和防火牆的RAGG1.10處於同一網段，交換機的int vlan20、路由器的GE0/0以及防火牆的RAGG1.20處於同一網段。

現在客戶需要實現如下需求：防火牆工作正常的時候，終端前往邊界路由器的流量需要經過防火牆，但是當防火牆異常的時候，流量直接從交換機轉發給防火牆。

在交換機和路由器上通過配置靜態路由結合track NQA，使防火牆正常的時候路由指向防火牆，當防火牆出問題後，路由不再指向防火牆，直接在交換機轉發。

配置步驟

防火牆配置：

interface Route-Aggregation1.10

ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0

vlan-type dot1q vid 10

interface Route-Aggregation1.20

ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0

vlan-type dot1q vid 20

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0

port link-mode route

port link-aggregation group 1

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

port link-mode route

port link-aggregation group 1

security-zone name Trust

import interface Route-Aggregation1.10

security-zone name Untrust

import interface Route-Aggregation1.20

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.20.3

ip route-static 192.168.100.0 24 192.168.10.2

security-policy ip

rule 0 name permit-all

action pass

source-zone untrust

source-zone trust

source-zone local

destination-zone untrust

destination-zone trust

destination-zone local

交換機配置

track 1 nqa entry fw 1 reaction 1 //track nqa狀態

nqa entry fw 1 //配置nqa，探測10.1是否可達，頻率1秒（100厘秒），探測三次

type icmp-echo

destination ip 192.168.10.1

frequency 100

reaction 1 checked-element probe-fail threshold-type consecutive 3 action-type trigger-only

nqa schedule fw 1 start-time now lifetime forever //開啟nqa探測

interface Bridge-Aggregation1

port link-type trunk

port trunk permit vlan 1 10 20

interface Vlan-interface10

ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0

interface Vlan-interface20

ip address 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0

interface Vlan-interface100

ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

port link-mode bridge

port link-type trunk

port trunk permit vlan 1 10 20

port link-aggregation group 1

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2

port link-mode bridge

port link-type trunk

port trunk permit vlan 1 10 20

port link-aggregation group 1

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.10.1 track 1 //配置靜態路由指向防火牆並調用track，當nqa探測失敗的時候自動失效

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.20.3 preference 70 //配置浮動路由指向路由器，當上麵的靜態路由失效的時候生效

路由器配置

track 1 nqa entry fw 1 reaction 1 //track nqa狀態

nqa entry fw 1 //配置nqa，探測20.1是否可達，頻率1秒（100厘秒），探測三次

type icmp-echo

destination ip 192.168.20.1

frequency 100

reaction 1 checked-element probe-fail threshold-type consecutive 3 action-type trigger-only

nqa schedule fw 1 start-time now lifetime forever //開啟nqa探測

interface LoopBack0 //模擬的外網地址

ip address 100.100.100.100 255.255.255.255

interface GigabitEthernet0/0

port link-mode route

ip address 192.168.20.3 255.255.255.0

ip route-static 192.168.100.0 24 192.168.20.1 track 1 //配置靜態路由指向防火牆並調用track，當nqa探測失敗的時候自動失效

ip route-static 192.168.100.0 24 192.168.20.2 preference 70 //配置浮動路由指向交換機，當上麵的靜態路由失效的時候生效

測試結果

正常情況下的交換機路由表

[SW]dis ip ro

Destinations : 21 Routes : 21

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 192.168.10.1 Vlan10

......

正常情況下的路由器路由表

[RT]dis ip ro

Destinations : 14 Routes : 14

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

......

192.168.100.0/24 Static 60 0 192.168.20.1 GE0/0

......

PC(192.168.100.2)測試訪問100.100.100.100

[PC]ping 100.100.100.100

Ping 100.100.100.100 (100.100.100.100): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

56 bytes from 100.100.100.100: icmp_seq=0 ttl=253 time=3.000 ms

56 bytes from 100.100.100.100: icmp_seq=1 ttl=253 time=3.000 ms

56 bytes from 100.100.100.100: icmp_seq=2 ttl=253 time=3.000 ms

56 bytes from 100.100.100.100: icmp_seq=3 ttl=253 time=2.000 ms

56 bytes from 100.100.100.100: icmp_seq=4 ttl=253 time=4.000 ms

--- Ping statistics for 100.100.100.100 ---

5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 2.000/3.000/4.000/0.632 ms

此時防火牆能夠看到會話，說明流量經過防火牆

[FW]dis session table ipv4 source-ip 192.168.100.2 destination-ip 100.100.100.100 verbose

Slot 1:

Initiator:

Source IP/port: 192.168.100.2/225

Destination IP/port: 100.100.100.100/2048

DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

Protocol: ICMP(1)

Inbound interface: Route-Aggregation1.10

Source security zone: Trust

Responder:

Source IP/port: 100.100.100.100/225

Destination IP/port: 192.168.100.2/0

DS-Lite tunnel peer: -

VPN instance/VLAN ID/Inline ID: -/-/-

Protocol: ICMP(1)

Inbound interface: Route-Aggregation1.20

Source security zone: Untrust

State: ICMP_REPLY

Application: ICMP

Rule ID: 0

Rule name: permit-all

Start time: 2020-04-30 03:10:17 TTL: 26s

Initiator->Responder: 0 packets 0 bytes

Responder->Initiator: 0 packets 0 bytes

Total sessions found: 1

當防火牆故障的時候，track使靜態路由失效

%Apr 30 03:25:36:153 2020 SW NQA/6/NQA_ENTRY_PROBE_RESULT: Reaction entry 1 of NQA entry admin-name fw operation-tag 1: probe-fail.

dis track 1

Track ID: 1

State: Negative

Duration: 0 days 0 hours 0 minutes 15 seconds

Tracked object type: NQA

Notification delay: Positive 0, Negative 0 (in seconds)

Tracked object:

NQA entry: fw 1

Reaction: 1

Remote IP/URL: 192.168.10.1

Local IP: --

Interface: --

%Apr 30 03:25:41:279 2020 RT NQA/6/NQA_ENTRY_PROBE_RESULT: Reaction entry 1 of NQA entry admin-name fw operation-tag 1: probe-fail.

dis track 1

Track ID: 1

State: Negative

Duration: 0 days 0 hours 2 minutes 43 seconds

Tracked object type: NQA

Notification delay: Positive 0, Negative 0 (in seconds)

Tracked object:

NQA entry: fw 1

Reaction: 1

Remote IP/URL: 192.168.20.1

Local IP: --

Interface: --

此時看靜態路由，發現SW、RT的路由已切換不走防火牆

dis ip ro

Destinations : 21 Routes : 21

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/0 Static 70 0 192.168.20.3 Vlan20

......

dis ip ro

Destinations : 14 Routes : 14

......

192.168.100.0/24 Static 70 0 192.168.20.2 GE0/0

......

PC仍然能夠ping通100.100.100.100

ping 100.100.100.100

Ping 100.100.100.100 (100.100.100.100): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

56 bytes from 100.100.100.100: icmp_seq=0 ttl=254 time=2.000 ms

56 bytes from 100.100.100.100: icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=1.000 ms

56 bytes from 100.100.100.100: icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=1.000 ms

56 bytes from 100.100.100.100: icmp_seq=3 ttl=254 time=1.000 ms

56 bytes from 100.100.100.100: icmp_seq=4 ttl=254 time=2.000 ms

--- Ping statistics for 100.100.100.100 ---

5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.000/1.400/2.000/0.490 ms

此時由於流量不經過防火牆，防火牆上沒有會話

[FW-Route-Aggregation1.10]dis session table ipv4 source-ip 192.168.100.2 destination-ip 100.100.100.100 verbose

Slot 1:

Total sessions found: 0

1 個回答

按時間按讚數

叫我靚仔

叫我靚仔九段

粉絲：120人關注：1人

你這個場景，直接配置端口鏡像就行了

這邊需求是需要捕捉流量並且可以進行攔截

zhiliao_wOmTEU 發表時間：2024-12-23 更多>>

這邊需求是需要捕捉流量並且可以進行攔截

zhiliao_wOmTEU 發表時間：2024-12-23

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侵犯了我企業的權益

您好，當您發現根叔知了上有關於您企業的造謠與誹謗、商業侵權等內容時，您可以向根叔知了進行舉報。請您把以下內容通過郵件發送到 pub.zhiliao@h3c.com 郵箱，我們會在審核後盡快給您答複。

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2. 您是誰？（身份證明材料，可以是身份證或護照等證件）
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1. 您舉報的內容以及侵犯了您什麼權益？（請在郵件中列出您舉報的內容、鏈接地址，並給出簡短的說明）
2. 您是誰？（身份證明材料，可以是身份證或護照等證件）

我們認為知名企業應該坦然接受公眾討論，對於答案中不準確的部分，我們歡迎您以正式或非正式身份在根叔知了上進行澄清。

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